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Isolation of Mouse Interstitial Valve Cells to Study the Calcification of the Aortic Valve In Vitro
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Role of oxidative stress in calcific aortic valve disease and its therapeutic implications

Harry Z E Greenberg1, Guoan Zhao2, Ajay M Shah1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK.

Cardiovascular Research
|April 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) involves fibrosis and calcification. Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) drives CAVD, highlighting ROS as potential therapeutic targets for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Western populations.
  • Aging populations are expected to increase the burden of CAVD.
  • Currently, no effective pharmacological therapies exist to prevent, treat, or slow CAVD progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles and sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of CAVD.
  • To explore the potential of ROS as novel therapeutic targets for CAVD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the mechanisms of CAVD.
  • Analysis of the role of oxidative stress and ROS in valve interstitial cell differentiation.
  • Examination of current research on therapeutic targets for CAVD.

Main Results:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress plays a significant causative role in CAVD.
  • ROS induce the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblasts and osteoblasts.
  • Understanding ROS pathways is crucial for developing new treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress driven by ROS is a key factor in the development and progression of CAVD.
  • Targeting ROS presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing CAVD.
  • Further research into ROS mechanisms could lead to effective interventions.

Keywords:
Aortic valveCalcificationNADPH oxidasesOxidative stressReactive oxygen species

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