Mindfulness-based interventions: an overall review.
Dexing Zhang1,2, Eric K P Lee1,2, Eva C W Mak1,2
1JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
British Medical Bulletin
|April 22, 2021
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) effectively improve many health conditions, though evidence for others remains preliminary. High-quality research is needed to confirm benefits and explore personalized approaches.
Area of Science:
- Integrative medicine
- Behavioral science
- Clinical psychology
Background:
- Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly studied for their potential to improve well-being.
- A comprehensive review of existing literature is crucial to understand the current evidence base.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize findings on the efficacy and effectiveness of MBIs across various biopsychosocial conditions.
- To identify areas of consensus and controversy regarding MBI applications.
- To highlight gaps in current research and suggest future directions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of major scientific databases including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AMED, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
- Keywords used included 'mindfulness,' 'meditation,' and 'review' or 'meta-analysis' variations.
- Synthesis of evidence from identified systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Main Results:
- MBIs demonstrate effectiveness for numerous conditions such as depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, pain, and cancer symptoms.
- Evidence is inconclusive or preliminary for conditions including PTSD, ADHD, ASD, eating disorders, and cardiovascular/diabetes/respiratory conditions.
- MBIs show promise in healthcare, educational, and workplace settings, with some evidence of cost-effectiveness for certain conditions.
Conclusions:
- MBIs are generally safe and effective for a wide range of biopsychosocial issues, but further research is needed for specific conditions and populations.
- High-quality studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are essential.
- Future research should focus on online MBIs, understanding mechanisms, long-term effects, and personalized MBI programs.
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