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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Extended finite element method for fluid-structure interaction in wave membrane blood pump.

Marco Martinolli1, Jacopo Biasetti2, Stefano Zonca1

  • 1MOX, Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|April 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study validates the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) for cardiac blood pump simulations. XFEM accurately models fluid-structure interaction, demonstrating its reliability for optimizing blood pump design and performance.

Keywords:
extended finite element methodfluid-structure interactionmodel validationwave membrane blood pump

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Cardiac blood pump systems require optimization for design, hydraulic performance, and hemocompatibility.
  • Wave membrane blood pumps utilize an oscillating membrane to propel blood against adverse pressure gradients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fluid-structure interaction in wave membrane blood pumps using advanced numerical simulations.
  • To assess the reliability of the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) for complex industrial applications in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed using the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM).
  • XFEM, an unfitted numerical technique, was employed on a fluid-fixed mesh, avoiding remeshing.
  • Simulations were conducted in a realistic pump geometry under various pressure conditions.

Main Results:

  • XFEM proved to be a reliable strategy for simulating complex industrial problems in wave membrane blood pumps.
  • Membrane deformation was identified as crucial for promoting blood flow towards the outlet against adverse pressure.
  • Numerical results were validated against in-vitro experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is a robust tool for simulating cardiac blood pump systems.
  • Understanding fluid-structure interaction is key to improving blood pump efficiency and hemocompatibility.
  • This simulation approach aids in the optimization of device design and performance.