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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

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Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Treating severe asthma: Targeting the IL-5 pathway.

Stefania Principe1,2,3, Celeste Porsbjerg4, Sisse Bolm Ditlev4

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|April 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Identifying biomarkers is crucial for effective severe asthma treatment. Eosinophil counts and clinical factors predict response to IL-5 pathway biologics, guiding therapy choices.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Severe asthma is a complex condition with diverse phenotypes.
  • The eosinophilic phenotype, linked to type 2 inflammation (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), is a key target for biologics.
  • Monoclonal antibodies targeting the IL-5 pathway are effective for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical effects of targeting the IL-5 pathway in severe asthma.
  • To focus on predictors of response and non-response to IL-5 pathway biologics.
  • To highlight the ongoing challenge in selecting appropriate biologic therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data and studies on IL-5 pathway inhibitors.
  • Analysis of biomarkers, including eosinophil thresholds and clinical parameters.
  • Exploration of emerging Omics data (proteomics, breath analysis).

Main Results:

  • Eosinophil threshold is the most indicative biomarker for treatment response.
  • Clinical markers like symptom scores, lung function, exacerbation rates, and patient history predict response.
  • Novel Omics approaches show potential for future biomarker discovery.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the IL-5 pathway with biologics offers effective treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma.
  • Predictive biomarkers are essential for optimizing biologic therapy selection.
  • Further research, including in pediatric populations, is needed to refine biomarker strategies.