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Quassinoids: Phytochemistry and antitumor prospect.

Zhi-Kang Duan¹, Zhao-Jun Zhang¹, Shu-Hui Dong¹

¹Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.

|April 22, 2021

Summary

This review details 482 natural quassinoids from plants, focusing on their diversity, antitumor potential, and structure-activity relationships. These compounds, derived from triterpenes, are key in medicinal chemistry.

Keywords:

Antitumor activity Chemical source Diverse structures Quassinoids Structure-activity relationships

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Area of Science:

Natural Product Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry
Phytochemistry

Background:

Quassinoids are complex natural products derived from tirucallane triterpenes.
They are primarily found in the Simaroubaceae family and exhibit significant pharmacological activities.
Their unique biosynthesis and structural complexity have long intrigued researchers.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive update on naturally occurring quassinoids from the plant kingdom.
To discuss the diversity, antitumor activities, and structure-activity relationships of these compounds.
To collate information on isolated quassinoids, including names, classes, molecular formulas, and plant sources.

Main Methods:

Literature review and data collation.
Identification and classification of quassinoids based on chemical structures.
Analysis of reported pharmacological activities, particularly antitumor effects.

Main Results:

A total of 482 quassinoids, belonging to 6 distinct skeletons, have been identified from plants.
Detailed information on the nomenclature, classification, molecular formulas, and botanical origins of these compounds is presented.
The review highlights the broad spectrum of antitumor activities associated with various quassinoids.

Conclusions:

Quassinoids represent a rich source of structurally diverse natural products with significant medicinal potential.
Understanding their structure-activity relationships is crucial for developing novel therapeutic agents.
This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers in natural product chemistry and drug discovery.