Registry-Managed Care Coordination and Education for Patients With Co-occurring Diabetes and Serious Mental Illness

Longitudinal changes in health outcomes of patients with serious mental illness and co-occurring diabetes were examined after introduction of an intervention involving electronic disease management, care coordination, and personalized patient education.

This observational cohort study included 179 patients with serious mental illness and diabetes mellitus type 2 at a behavioral health home in Chicago. The intervention employed a care coordinator who used a diabetes registry to integrate services; patients also received personalized diabetes self-management education. Outcomes included glucose, lipid, and blood pressure levels as assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and systolic/diastolic values from electronic medical records and completion of specialty visits confirmed with optometrists and podiatrists. Interrupted time-series segmented random-effects regression models tested for level changes in the eight study quarters following intervention implementation compared with eight preimplementation study quarters, controlling for clinic site and preimplementation secular trends.

Significant declines were found in levels of glucose, lipids, and blood pressure postimplementation. In addition, completed optometry referrals increased by 44% and completed podiatry referrals increased by 60%.

Significant improvement in medical outcomes was found among patients of a behavioral health home who had comorbid diabetes and mental illness after introduction of a multicomponent care coordination intervention, regardless of which clinic they attended.