Nonlinear magnetoelectric effects in Al-substituted strontium hexaferrite
Ying Liu1,2, Maksym Popov3, Igor Zavislyak3
1Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA.
Scientific Reports
|April 23, 2021
Summary
Electric fields induce non-linear magnetoelectric effects in strontium aluminum hexagonal ferrite, altering magnetic properties. These findings pave the way for novel electric field-tunable high-frequency ferrite devices.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Magnetism
Background:
- Non-linear magnetoelectric (NLME) effects are crucial for advanced electronic devices.
- Ferrimagnetic M-type strontium aluminum hexagonal ferrite exhibits unique magnetic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate electric field-induced NLME effects in strontium aluminum hexagonal ferrite.
- To understand the relationship between electric field, magnetic properties, and material composition.
- To develop a theoretical framework for observed NLME phenomena.
Main Methods:
- Microwave measurement techniques were employed to observe NLME effects.
- DC electric fields were applied along the hexagonal c-axis.
- Saturation magnetization and anisotropy fields were measured under varying electric fields.
Main Results:
- DC electric fields proportional to the square of the field induced significant changes in magnetization and anisotropy.
- NLME effects were observed with or without an external magnetic field.
- The strength of the NLME effect depends critically on electrical conductivity, not Al substitution level.
Conclusions:
- The study attributes E-induced magnetic changes to weakened magnetic exchange and spin-orbit interactions.
- A phenomenological theory incorporating magneto-bielectric effects was presented.
- Results are significant for developing electric field-tunable, miniature, high-frequency ferrite devices.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:31Ferromagnetism
2.7K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.7K
03:02Colors and Magnetism
12.7K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
12.7K
01:27π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview
1.3K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.3K
01:28Types Of Superconductors
1.4K
A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.4K
01:26Diamagnetism
2.7K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.7K
01:30Paramagnetism
2.8K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
2.8K