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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

595
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
212
Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

65
Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
65
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

103
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

60
Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
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Underwater Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Gastroesophageal Varices
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Taeniasis: An unexpected variceal hemorrhage trigger.

Emmanuel Faure1,2, Matthieu Deckmyn3

  • 1Faculté de Médecine de Lille, Université de Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.

Idcases
|April 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of fatal esophageal variceal bleeding was caused by a tapeworm in the upper digestive tract. This uncommon condition occurred in a patient returning from North Africa, highlighting potential parasitic infections.

Keywords:
HematemesisTaeniasisUpper digestive tract

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Parasitology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Esophageal varices are a known cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, typically associated with liver disease.
  • Parasitic infections of the upper digestive tract are uncommon but can lead to serious complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare and fatal case of esophageal variceal bleeding.
  • To highlight the potential link between tapeworm infestation and upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with a history of travel to North Africa.
  • Diagnostic evaluation including upper endoscopy to identify the cause of bleeding.

Main Results:

  • A tapeworm was identified in the upper digestive tract.
  • The tapeworm was determined to be the cause of esophageal variceal bleeding.
  • The patient experienced a fatal outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Tapeworm infestation can be a rare cause of esophageal variceal bleeding.
  • Clinicians should consider parasitic infections in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding, especially those with relevant travel history.