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Cactus cladodes cause intestinal damage, but improve sheep performance.

Tomás Guilherme Pereira da Silva1, Ângela Maria Vieira Batista2, Adriana Guim2

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Sheep fed diets with Miúda and Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (O.E.M.) cactus cladodes experienced intestinal inflammation but improved productive performance. Water intake decreased, and fecal water content increased with cactus inclusion.

Keywords:
Antinutritional factorsCactaceaeHistologyInflammationLaxative effect

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Ruminant Nutrition

Background:

  • Cactus cladodes are a potential feedstuff for ruminants, offering drought resistance and nutritional value.
  • Evaluating the impact of different cactus varieties on animal health and performance is crucial for sustainable livestock production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of three cactus cladode varieties (Miúda, IPA-Sertânia, Orelha de Elefante Mexicana - O.E.M.) on sheep performance and large intestine histology.
  • To determine the histological impact of cactus cladode inclusion on the cecum and colon of sheep.

Main Methods:

  • Forty lambs were assigned to four dietary treatments: control, or diets replacing elephant grass hay and corn with Miúda, IPA-Sertânia, or O.E.M. cactus cladodes.
  • Serum magnesium levels were analyzed on day 60, and cecum and colon tissues were collected for histopathological analysis on day 63.

Main Results:

  • Miúda and O.E.M. cactus cladodes induced inflammatory lesions in the cecum (100% of animals) and colon (71.43% of animals), with accentuated cecal inflammation.
  • Animals fed cactus cladodes showed reduced voluntary water intake and higher fecal water content.
  • Despite histological alterations, cactus cladodes, particularly Miúda and O.E.M., improved productive performance in sheep.

Conclusions:

  • Certain cactus cladode varieties (Miúda, O.E.M.) can cause significant inflammatory lesions in the sheep large intestine.
  • Reduced water intake and increased fecal water content are associated with cactus cladode consumption.
  • Cactus cladodes demonstrate potential for improving sheep productive performance, warranting further investigation into mitigating adverse histological effects.