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Related Concept Videos

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

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A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Law And Legal Studies
  7. International And Comparative Law
  9. Conflict Of Laws (incl. Private International Law)
  11. Early Introductions And Transmission Of Sars-cov-2 Variant B.1.1.7 In The United States.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Law And Legal Studies
  7. International And Comparative Law
  9. Conflict Of Laws (incl. Private International Law)
  11. Early Introductions And Transmission Of Sars-cov-2 Variant B.1.1.7 In The United States.

Related Experiment Video

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

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Early introductions and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Tara Alpert1, Anderson F Brito1, Erica Lasek-Nesselquist2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Cell
|April 23, 2021

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant, first found in the UK, rapidly spread across the US. Enhanced genomic surveillance is crucial for public health response to this highly transmissible COVID-19 variant.

Keywords:
B.1.1.7SARS-CoV-2community transmissionepidemiology

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Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples

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Related Experiment Videos

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Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
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Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples
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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Genomic Surveillance
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 lineage, identified in the United Kingdom, poses a global health risk due to enhanced transmissibility.
  • Over 2,500 cases of the B.1.1.7 variant have been recorded in the US since December 2020, with its establishment extent unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the primary entry points and establishment patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant within the United States.
  • To project the future dominance of the B.1.1.7 lineage across US states.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of integrated travel, genomic, and diagnostic data.
  • Tracking the emergence and interstate spread of the B.1.1.7 lineage.
  • Predictive modeling for variant dominance.
flight volumes
genomic surveillance
introductions
lineage
phylogenetics
variant

Main Results:

  • New York, California, and Florida identified as primary US entry points for B.1.1.7.
  • Evidence of multiple independent B.1.1.7 establishments in early December 2020, followed by interstate transmission.
  • Projection of B.1.1.7 becoming the dominant lineage in many states by March.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent enhancement of genomic surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 variants, including B.1.1.7, is necessary.
  • Improved surveillance will better inform public health strategies and responses to emerging viral lineages.
  • The rapid spread and establishment of B.1.1.7 highlight the need for ongoing monitoring of viral evolution.