Stimuli-responsive hydrogels for intratumoral drug delivery

The ability of some hydrogels to exhibit a phase transition or change their structure in response to stimuli has been extensively explored for drug depot formation and controlled drug release. Taking advantage of the unique features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) or externally applied triggers, several injectable stimuli-responsive hydrogels have been described as promising candidates for intratumoral drug delivery. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the TME and highlight the advantages of intratumoral administration, followed by a summary of the reported strategies to endow hydrogels with responsiveness to physical (temperature and light), chemical (pH and redox potential), or biological (enzyme) stimuli.