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Phylogenomics resolves deep subfamilial relationships in Malvaceae s.l.

Tijana Cvetković1,2, Fabiola Areces-Berazain3,4, Damien D Hinsinger3,5

  • 1Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.

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Summary

This study resolves the evolutionary relationships within the Malvaceae family using plastid genomes. It establishes a clear phylogenetic framework for this economically important plant group.

Keywords:
Malvaceae s.lhistorical diversificationnext-generation sequencingphylogenomicsplastomes

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Area of Science:

  • Botany
  • Plant Phylogenetics
  • Molecular Evolution

Background:

  • Malvaceae s.l., a diverse family in Malvales, includes economically vital crops like cotton and cacao.
  • Existing phylogenetic analyses have not fully resolved relationships among its nine subfamilies, especially within the /Malvadendrina lineage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the major clades of Malvaceae s.l.
  • To provide a robust evolutionary framework for the Malvaceae family.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenomic analysis using plastid genomes from 48 accessions covering all subfamilies.
  • Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods were employed to reconstruct the phylogeny.

Main Results:

  • A fully resolved and well-supported phylogenetic tree for Malvaceae s.l. was recovered.
  • The study confirmed the split into /Byttneriina (/Grewioideae +/Byttnerioideae) and /Malvadendrina.
  • The internal relationships within /Malvadendrina were elucidated, with specific subfamilies occupying distinct branching positions.

Conclusions:

  • The resolved phylogeny provides a foundational framework for future evolutionary and taxonomic studies in Malvaceae.
  • The findings contribute to understanding the evolutionary history and diversification of this significant plant family.