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Bioelectric impedance phase angle and body composition.

R N Baumgartner1, W C Chumlea, A F Roche

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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See all related articles

Bioelectric impedance phase angle, particularly for the trunk, shows promise for predicting body fat percentage. This method may be valuable in clinical settings and population studies.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Body composition assessment is crucial for health and disease management.
  • Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method to estimate body composition.
  • Phase angle (PhA) derived from BIA reflects cellular integrity and fluid status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of bioelectric impedance phase angle for predicting body composition.
  • To determine the correlation between phase angle and body fat percentage (%BF) and fat-free mass (FFM).

Main Methods:

  • Measured bioelectric resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) for whole body, arm, leg, and trunk in 53 males and 69 females (9-62 years).
  • Assessed body composition using densitometry.
  • Correlated phase angles (trunk, leg, whole body) with %BF and FFM.

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Main Results:

  • Trunk, leg, and whole-body phase angles showed significant negative correlations with %BF in both sexes.
  • Trunk, leg, and whole-body phase angles showed significant positive correlations with FFM in males.
  • Trunk phase angle remained a significant predictor of %BF in multiple regression analyses, controlling for other factors.

Conclusions:

  • Bioelectric impedance phase angle, especially for the trunk, is a potentially useful predictor of body fat percentage.
  • This method may be applicable in clinical and survey research for body composition assessment.