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Augmenting ideational fluency in a creativity task across multiple transcranial direct current stimulation montages.

Evangelia G Chrysikou1, Hannah M Morrow2, Austin Flohrschutz3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Drexel University, 3201 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. lilachrysikou@drexel.edu.

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|April 24, 2021
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Summary

Investigating creativity, this study found that cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) enhanced idea fluency but not originality. This highlights the PFC's role in creative thinking.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurostimulation

Background:

  • Previous neuroimaging and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies show mixed results on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during novel idea generation.
  • Variability in findings is attributed to inconsistent sample sizes, creativity measures, and tDCS methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate the impact of stimulating frontotemporal and occipital cortex on creative thinking using a standardized tDCS protocol.
  • To clarify the role of specific PFC and occipital regions in creative idea generation and assess methodological consistency.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments involving 246 participants generating common and uncommon uses for objects under various tDCS montages.
  • tDCS applied for 20 minutes at 1.5 mA to left/right ventrolateral PFC (F7, F8) or occipital (O1, O2) cortex, including bilateral and sham conditions.
  • Performance measured by idea fluency and originality (semantic distance), alongside a control short-term memory task.

Main Results:

  • Cathodal stimulation of the left ventrolateral PFC significantly improved creative idea fluency.
  • No significant effects on originality were observed with left PFC stimulation.
  • Neither right PFC stimulation, bilateral PFC stimulation, nor occipital cortex stimulation impacted task performance.

Conclusions:

  • Left ventrolateral PFC plays a crucial role in the fluency aspect of creative idea generation.
  • Methodological consistency is vital for robust findings in tDCS research on creativity.
  • These results contribute to understanding the neural underpinnings of creative cognition.