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The bone anchored prostheses for amputees - Historical development, current status, and future aspects.
1Division of Orthopaedics and Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Theme Trauma and Reparative Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Biomaterials
|April 24, 2021
Summary
Bone anchored prostheses offer amputees improved quality of life by avoiding soft tissue issues. This review covers osseointegration surgery history, techniques, and challenges for amputation reconstruction.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics and Traumatology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Bone anchored prostheses have evolved significantly over 50 years.
- Osseointegration surgery is now a rapidly developing area in orthopedics.
- Over a thousand patients worldwide use bone anchored prostheses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical development of osseointegration surgery for amputation reconstruction.
- To describe implant designs and surgical techniques for screw-type and press-fit implants.
- To discuss current challenges, complications, and future directions in the field.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical development and current literature on osseointegration.
- Description of implant designs (OPRA, EEP, OPL systems).
- Analysis of surgical techniques and major complications (infections, mechanical failures).
Main Results:
- Bone anchored prostheses offer advantages over conventional socket prostheses, including avoiding soft tissue problems.
- Osseointegration provides physiological weight bearing, improved range of motion, and sensory feedback.
- Major complications include infections and mechanical failures, requiring detailed discussion.
Conclusions:
- Osseointegration surgery represents a significant advancement for amputees.
- Addressing challenges like infections and mechanical failures is crucial for future development.
- Ongoing research and experimental trials aim to overcome current limitations and improve patient outcomes.
