Precision medicine in myeloid malignancies
Jörg Westermann1, Lars Bullinger1
1Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Clinic, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Seminars in Cancer Biology
|April 25, 2021
Summary
Targeted therapies have transformed myeloid malignancies, like acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with imatinib. Research continues to uncover new vulnerabilities for improved cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Myeloid malignancies research has advanced cancer pathogenesis understanding.
- Basic research on myeloid cell transformation underpins precision medicine and novel therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution of targeted therapies for myeloid malignancies.
- To discuss current unanswered questions in myeloid cancer, including phenotype variability.
- To highlight ongoing research into molecular pathways, treatment resistance, and novel therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical and current research in myeloid malignancies.
- Analysis of key targeted therapies like ATRA for APL and imatinib for CML.
- Discussion of factors influencing disease phenotype and treatment response.
Main Results:
- All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) revolutionized acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment.
- Imatinib transformed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) management.
- Targeted therapies are now standard for myeloid malignancies, yet challenges remain.
Conclusions:
- Identical mutations can lead to varied phenotypes due to cell of origin, gene interactions, or tumor microenvironment.
- Understanding molecular pathways is key for treatment response and overcoming resistance.
- Ongoing research identifies novel therapeutic targets for myeloid cancer.
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