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Related Experiment Videos

Suspecting thoracic aortic transection.

K L Mattox, L Pickard, M K Allen

    JACEP
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Deceleration accidents can cause severe thoracic injuries, particularly to the great vessels. Early detection of these blunt trauma injuries is crucial for effective emergency medical management and survival.

    Area of Science:

    • Emergency Medicine
    • Trauma Surgery
    • Cardiovascular Surgery

    Background:

    • Deceleration accidents frequently result in severe thoracic trauma.
    • Blunt trauma to the great vessels poses a significant risk of mortality.
    • Prompt identification of great vessel injuries is critical for patient outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify the incidence of blunt trauma decelerative injury to the great vessels.
    • To highlight the importance of recognizing clinical and radiographic signs of these injuries.
    • To inform emergency physicians about the presentation of great vessel trauma.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of over 10,000 patients with thoracic injuries.
    • Analysis of patients with clinical or radiographic indicators of great vessel injury.

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  • Examination of injury types, including aortic transection and innominate artery avulsion.

    • Main Results:

    • 100 patients presented with signs suggestive of blunt trauma decelerative injury to the great vessels.
    • 23 patients had transection of the descending thoracic aorta.
    • Five patients had avulsion of the innominate artery, with one experiencing a double transection.

    Conclusions:

    • Blunt trauma to the great vessels is a recognized complication of deceleration accidents.
    • Early recognition of specific clinical and radiographic findings is essential in the emergency department.
    • Timely intervention is vital, as evidenced by the mortality in patients where proximal control could not be achieved.