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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
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An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
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Errors in cognitive performance trigger postural instability in Parkinson's disease.

Sarah J Ozinga1, Elise Baron1, Mandy Miller Koop1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|April 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), cognitive errors during dual-tasking significantly worsen postural instability, unlike in healthy controls. This highlights the critical link between executive function and balance in PD patients, impacting fall risk assessment.

Keywords:
Cognitive functionConsumer electronics deviceDual-taskParkinson's diseasePostural stability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Movement Science
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Postural stability and cognitive function are closely related in Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • A significant knowledge gap exists regarding how executive function deficits specifically impact postural stability in PD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely determine the effects of cognitive errors on postural stability during dual-task conditions in individuals with PD and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between cognitive errors and postural sway in PD.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-eight individuals with PD and 27 healthy controls underwent postural stability tests under single- and dual-task conditions.
  • The dual-task involved maintaining balance while performing an auditory number discrimination task.

Main Results:

  • Postural stability was similar between PD and control groups under single-task conditions.
  • Cognitive errors did not affect postural sway in controls during dual-tasking.
  • In PD patients, postural sway significantly increased around the time of cognitive errors compared to periods without errors.

Conclusions:

  • Postural task selection is crucial when assessing balance deficits in PD.
  • Time-synchronized analysis revealed that postural instabilities in PD predominantly occurred around cognitive errors.
  • Evaluating cognitive-motor linkages offers a patient-specific measure of balance function and a more sensitive indicator of fall risk in PD.