An unsolved problem in developing countries: hydatid cysts in children.

Area of Science:

• Parasitology
• Infectious Diseases
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Hydatid cyst (HC) poses a considerable public health challenge, particularly in developing regions.
• Echinococcosis, the disease caused by hydatid cysts, requires comprehensive understanding for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze clinical characteristics, treatment modalities (surgical and PAIR), and outcomes of hydatid cyst patients.
• To provide insights into managing hydatid cyst disease in a resource-limited setting.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 106 girls and 99 boys with hydatid cysts.
• Evaluation of cyst location (liver, lungs), size, WHO-IWGE classification, and treatment interventions.
• Assessment of complications, hospitalization duration, follow-up, and recurrence rates.

Main Results:

• The liver was the most frequent site (n=170), followed by the lungs (n=67).
• Mean liver HC diameter was 86.27 mm; mean pulmonary HC diameter was 73.90 mm.
• PAIR was used in 61 liver HC cases; 109 patients had surgery. Common complications included cystobiliary fistula and atelectasis.

Conclusions:

• Hydatid cyst should be a primary consideration in differential diagnoses for suspicious findings in endemic areas.
• Effective management strategies combining clinical evaluation and appropriate interventions are crucial for improving patient outcomes.