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Review article: the role of nutrition in alcohol-associated liver disease
Indira Bhavsar-Burke1, Claire L Jansson-Knodell1, Ashley C Gilmore1
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Background:
Malnutrition is a commonly encountered issue in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease. The role of nutritional supplementation in the management of alcohol-associated liver disease is integral to patient outcomes-it has been shown to decrease rates of hepatic encephalopathy, improve outcomes post-liver transplant, reduce 90-day hospital readmissions and lower mortality. Despite these benefits, many studies have shown nutritional support to be an underutilised tool in the care of patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.
Aims:
To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, recommendations for nutritional assessment and supplementation, as well as future directions for research of the relationship between nutrition and alcohol-associated liver disease.
Methods:
A literature search was conducted via PubMed using MeSH terms to inform this narrative review.
Results:
Decreased dietary intake, socioeconomic status, impaired absorption of nutrients and increased free radical species are implicated in the pathophysiology of malnutrition in alcohol-associated liver disease.
Conclusions:
Malnutrition is common in alcohol-associated liver disease, and physicians should be aware of its association with poor clinical outcomes. Routine nutritional assessment, involvement of a dietician and nutritional supplementation are recommended to improve clinical outcomes in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.
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