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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Music Therapy for Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder and/or Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic

Hanna Mayer-Benarous1, Xavier Benarous2,3, François Vonthron4

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, APHP.SU, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.

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|April 26, 2021
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Summary

Music therapy shows promise for children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Educational music therapy particularly aids speech in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), while improvisational music therapy enhances social functioning in ASD and intellectual disability (ID).

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorderintellectual disabilitymusic therapyneurodevelopmental disordersystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Music Therapy Research

Background:

  • Contradictory findings exist on music interventions for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in children and adolescents.
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a primary focus, with varying results across studies.
  • A comprehensive review is needed to synthesize existing evidence.

Approach:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched Cochrane, PubMed, and Medline databases (1970-2020).
  • Included empirical studies on music therapy for ASD, intellectual disability (ID), communication disorder (CD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), specific learning disorder, and attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Key Points:

  • Thirty-nine studies (N=1,774) were analyzed, with a focus on ASD (n=22) and ID (n=7).
  • Educational music therapy showed positive effects on speech production in ASD (6/7 controlled studies).
  • Improvisational music therapy improved social functioning in ASD (6/8 controlled studies), with higher response rates in ASD+ID subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Improvisational music therapy is beneficial for children with both ASD and ID.
  • Further research is recommended to investigate the impact of educational music therapy on language skills in NDDs.
  • Preliminary data suggest educational music therapy may benefit children with dyslexia.