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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

231
Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
231
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

595
Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
595
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

354
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
354
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

213
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
213
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

224
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
224
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

977
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
977

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh

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Strangulated Epigastric Hernia: A Rare Occurrence.

Sri Hari Priya Vemulakonda1, Souradeep Dutta1, Ankit Jain1

  • 1Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.

Cureus
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A rare, large epigastric hernia caused acute abdominal pain due to strangulated bowel. Surgical repair involved resecting gangrenous jejunum and transverse colon, with successful anastomosis.

Keywords:
epigastric herniaincarceratedlinea alba herniastrangulated

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Last Updated: Nov 8, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Abdominal Surgery
  • Hernia Repair

Background:

  • Epigastric hernias are typically small, containing only preperitoneal fat.
  • Large epigastric hernias with visceral herniation are exceptionally rare.
  • Strangulation in epigastric hernias is infrequently reported.

Observation:

  • A morbidly obese middle-aged male presented with a large epigastric hernia.
  • The hernia was incarcerated, causing acute abdominal pain.
  • Surgical exploration revealed a 7 cm midline defect with gangrenous jejunum and transverse colon.

Findings:

  • Resection of 30 cm jejunum and 6 cm transverse colon was performed.
  • End-to-end jejuno-jejunal and colo-colic anastomoses were successfully completed.
  • The patient experienced an uncomplicated postoperative recovery.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for severe complications in large epigastric hernias.
  • Prompt surgical intervention is crucial for managing incarcerated and strangulated epigastric hernias.
  • Successful management of extensive bowel resection and anastomosis in this context is feasible.