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Prenatal Development and Function of Human Mononuclear Phagocytes

Mohi Miah1, Issac Goh1, Muzlifah Haniffa1,2,3

  • 1Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|April 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Human mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) are vital for immune responses and organ development. Understanding their molecular regulation during human development is key for regenerative medicine and disease research.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • The mononuclear phagocyte (MP) system, comprising dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages, is crucial for immune responses and tissue homeostasis.
  • MPs originate from sequential progenitors during embryonic development and play roles in organ remodeling and repair.
  • The molecular mechanisms governing MP development, chemotaxis, and functional diversity in developing human organs are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of tissue MP development and function during human organogenesis.
  • To highlight the relevance of MP contributions to regenerative medicine.
  • To discuss novel experimental approaches for studying human MP roles in development and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on mononuclear phagocytes in human development.
  • Discussion of single-cell multi-omic approaches.
  • Exploration of next-generation ex-vivo organ-on-chip models.

Main Results:

  • MPs are critical for coordinating organ remodeling, maturation, and repair during embryonic and fetal development.
  • The molecular regulation of MP chemotaxis, homeostasis, and diversification in developing organs remains an area needing further investigation.
  • Novel experimental platforms offer new avenues to study human MP roles.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue-resident MPs are essential for human organ development and morphogenesis.
  • Understanding MP development and function is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine.
  • Advanced research tools like single-cell multi-omics and organ-on-chip models are vital for future discoveries in MP biology and disease.

Keywords:
developmental immunologyhuman mononuclear phagocytesimmunobiologymonopoiesisorganoidsprenatal human mononuclear phagocytessc-RNA seqsingle cell transcriptomics

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