Right Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Aaron C Richardson1, Michael Omar1, Gladys Velarde1

  • 1University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Insights

Atrial fibrillation (Afib) patients can develop clots in the right atrial appendage (RAA), though less common than in the left. Management for RAA clots should mirror LAA clot treatment, involving anticoagulation and delayed cardioversion.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Thrombosis

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (Afib) is a prevalent heart rhythm disorder affecting 2-3% of adults in Europe and North America.
  • Left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi are common in Afib, leading to stroke and systemic events.
  • Right atrial appendage (RAA) thrombi in Afib patients are less understood but pose risks like pulmonary embolism.

Observation:

  • Right atrial appendage thrombi formation in Afib patients is not well understood.
  • RAA thrombi can lead to pulmonary embolism or paradoxical embolization.
  • The prevalence and clinical impact of RAA thrombi require further investigation.

Findings:

  • Management strategies for RAA thrombi should align with those for LAA thrombi.
  • Treatment includes anticoagulation with warfarin to maintain an international normalized ratio of 2 to 3.
  • Delaying cardioversion is a recommended management step for RAA thrombi.

Implications:

  • Standardized management protocols for RAA thrombi can improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the prevalence and complications of RAA thrombi.
  • This understanding can guide clinical decision-making in Afib patients with RAA thrombi.

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