Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

3.1K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
3.1K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

1.7K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combining Non-Contrast CT Radiomics with MR PREDICTS Improves Prediction of Futile Recanalization after Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association·2026
Same author

Altered brain glucose metabolism and connectivity in young adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Frequency- and Network-Specific Changes in Functional Connectivity Reflect Pathophysiological Mechanisms across Parkinson's Disease Stages.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

Chronic HDV Infection Shows Higher HBsAg Isoform Levels than HBV Infection, Paralleling HDV Replicative Activity.

Viruses·2026
Same author

CT-based application of the Iscan method on isolated ribs: reliability, accuracy, and the role of joint fossa sclerosis in age estimation on a contemporary European skeletal sample.

International journal of legal medicine·2026
Same author

Radiomic Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue for the Prediction of Non-Calcified Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques.

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection
08:48

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection

Published on: January 21, 2021

3.5K

Functional brain network reorganization in HIV infection.

Silvia Minosse1, Eliseo Picchi2, Francesca Di Giuliano3

  • 1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.

Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Resting-state fMRI reveals significant brain network reorganization in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. Advanced analysis detects subtle functional changes, correlating with CD4 counts and viral load.

Keywords:
HIVdisruption indexgraph-theoryresting state functional MRI

More Related Videos

Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation
10:04

Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation

Published on: January 12, 2016

9.4K
Identification of EcoHIV-Infected Cells in Microglia-Manipulated Transgenic Mice
07:23

Identification of EcoHIV-Infected Cells in Microglia-Manipulated Transgenic Mice

Published on: December 20, 2024

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 8, 2025

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection
08:48

A Rat Model of EcoHIV Brain Infection

Published on: January 21, 2021

3.5K
Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation
10:04

Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation

Published on: January 12, 2016

9.4K
Identification of EcoHIV-Infected Cells in Microglia-Manipulated Transgenic Mice
07:23

Identification of EcoHIV-Infected Cells in Microglia-Manipulated Transgenic Mice

Published on: December 20, 2024

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can impact the central nervous system.
  • Early detection of neurological changes in HIV patients is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate central nervous system reorganization in HIV patients using resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI).
  • To apply graph-theoretical analysis and a novel functional brain network disruption index.
  • To correlate brain network changes with biochemical markers and treatment duration.

Main Methods:

  • rs-fMRI was performed on 40 HIV patients and 20 healthy controls.
  • Graph-theoretical measures and disruption indices were calculated from fMRI data.
  • Associations with CD4 counts, HIV-RNA, and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) duration were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • HIV patients exhibited significant brain network reorganization compared to controls.
  • A disruption index negatively correlated with relative CD4 values.
  • Plasmatic HIV-RNA positively correlated with local graph-theoretical metrics in specific brain regions.
  • Brain metrics differed across patient groups based on cART duration.

Conclusions:

  • rs-fMRI combined with graph theory and disruption indices can detect early, subtle functional brain changes in HIV.
  • This approach aids in understanding the neurological impact of HIV infection.
  • Findings support the use of advanced neuroimaging techniques for monitoring HIV-associated brain alterations.