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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
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Estimation of Urinary Frequency: Does Question Phrasing Matter?

Rachael D Sussman1, Christina Escobar1, Dora Jericevic1

  • 1Department of Urology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY.

Urology
|April 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patient numeracy and question phrasing affect urinary frequency estimates. Direct counting underestimated daytime voids, while time intervals overestimated them, with both methods overestimating nighttime urination.

Keywords:
nocturianumeracyurinary frequencyvoiding diary

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Patient-reported outcomes

Background:

  • Urinary frequency is a common symptom impacting quality of life.
  • Accurate assessment of urinary frequency is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Patient numeracy and the way questions are asked can influence reported data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if question phrasing and patient numeracy influence the estimation of urinary frequency.
  • To compare different methods of estimating urinary frequency against a voiding diary.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 71 patients assessing urinary frequency estimation.
  • Patients provided frequency estimates in three ways before using a voiding diary.
  • Patient numeracy was measured using the Lipkus Numeracy Scale.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant difference in correlation between the three estimation methods and the voiding diary.
  • Nighttime frequency prediction was more accurate than daytime frequency across all methods.
  • Direct counting underestimated daytime voids, while time intervals overestimated them; both methods overestimated nighttime voids.

Conclusions:

  • Patient numeracy may impact the accuracy of urinary frequency estimation in functional urology populations.
  • Specific question phrasing can lead to under or overestimation of urinary frequency compared to a voiding diary.
  • Patients tend to overestimate nighttime urinary frequency regardless of the estimation method used.