Inpatient Food Insecurity in Caregivers of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: A Mixed Methods Study

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Health
• Nutrition Security
• Caregiver Well-being

Background:

• Household food insecurity (FI) affects 14% of US households with children, correlating with adverse health outcomes.
• Limited data exists on food access challenges for caregivers during a child's hospitalization (inpatient FI).

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of inpatient food insecurity among caregivers of hospitalized children.
• To explore caregivers' perceptions of food accessibility and its impact on their child's care.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods study involving primary caregivers of hospitalized children (0-18 years).
• Utilized a modified US Household Food Security Survey and semistructured interviews.
• Logistic regression analyzed associated factors for inpatient FI.

Main Results:

• Prevalence of inpatient FI was 43%, significantly associated with household FI (P < .01).
• Factors increasing odds of inpatient FI included low income (<$30,000), public transport use, distance from hospital, poor self-rated health, maternity leave, and SNAP utilization.
• Qualitative data revealed barriers like unaffordable options and caregivers skipping meals, highlighting the importance of their own nourishment for effective caregiving.

Conclusions:

• Inpatient food insecurity is a substantial issue affecting caregivers of hospitalized children.
• Pediatric hospitals should prioritize caregiver food access to facilitate their active participation in child care.