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Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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A rare cause of a cavitary lung lesion in an infant

Sarah Macios Tesoriero1, Elissa Gross

  • 1Sarah Macios Tesoriero and Elissa Gross practice pediatric hospital medicine at the Children's Hospital at Montefiore in Bronx, N.Y. Dr. Gross also is an assistant professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in Bronx, N.Y. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|April 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Paraesophageal hernias are rare in children, presenting either congenitally or acquired after surgery or trauma. Early surgical repair is recommended to prevent serious complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Paraesophageal hernias are uncommon in pediatric populations.
  • These hernias can be congenital or acquired, with acquired cases often linked to prior anti-gastroesophageal reflux surgery or trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the rarity and potential complications of paraesophageal hernias in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely surgical intervention for pediatric paraesophageal hernias.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric paraesophageal hernias.
  • Analysis of case reports and clinical data regarding etiology and management.

Main Results:

  • Paraesophageal hernias in children are infrequent but carry significant risks.
  • Acquired hernias are frequently associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease treatments or trauma.

Conclusions:

  • Elective surgical repair of paraesophageal hernias in children is advised upon diagnosis.
  • Prompt intervention is crucial to mitigate the risk of life-threatening complications in pediatric patients.

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