Gender Differences and Their Influences on T2DM Self-Management Among Spanish-Speaking Latinx Immigrants

Area of Science:

• Health Disparities
• Diabetes Self-Management
• Immigrant Health

Background:

• Gender influences type 2 diabetes (T2DM) self-management (SM).
• Limited English proficiency and Latinx ethnicity present unique challenges.
• Investigating gender-specific barriers in T2DM SM is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• Examine gender differences in T2DM SM among limited English-proficient Latinx immigrants.
• Assess disparities in health literacy, knowledge, behaviors, and self-efficacy.
• Identify unique challenges faced by men and women in managing T2DM.

Main Methods:

• Utilized instruments and semi-structured interviews.
• Assessed health literacy, diabetes knowledge, health behaviors, and self-efficacy (SE).
• Compared T2DM SM practices between males and females using statistical and qualitative analysis.

Main Results:

• Males were older, more educated, and financially secure; females had worse physiologic measures.
• Females scored lower on Eating and Diabetes SE, despite similar health literacy and exercise SE.
• Females reported more family obligations impeding SM; males cited alcohol difficulties; work environments posed challenges.

Conclusions:

• Men and women experience distinct T2DM self-management challenges.
• Individualized strategies and support are necessary for effective T2DM management.
• Addressing gender-specific barriers can improve health outcomes for Latinx immigrants.