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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

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The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
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Risk Assessment Using the Association Between Renin-Angiotensin Genes Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease.

Mohamed Riad1, Prakash Adhikari1,2, Sanket Bhattarai3

  • 1Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

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|April 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variations in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are linked to early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD). Further research is recommended for risk assessment and potential gene therapies.

Keywords:
ace polymorphism and myocardial infarctionenos polymorphism and coronary artery diseaseras polymorphism and coronary artery diseaseras polymorphism and hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Genetics of Complex Diseases

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) arises from genetic and environmental factors.
  • Established risk factors include diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis.
  • Genetic predisposition, particularly in younger individuals, highlights the role of gene polymorphisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between renin-angiotensin system (RAS) gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • To explore the link between RAS gene polymorphisms and related cardiovascular conditions.
  • To identify potential genetic markers for early CAD risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing research on RAS gene polymorphisms.
  • Examination of the association between specific polymorphisms (ACE, angiotensinogen, AT1R) and CAD.
  • Distinguishing between genetic mutations and polymorphisms based on population frequency.

Main Results:

  • Findings support a significant association between RAS gene polymorphisms and premature CAD.
  • RAS gene polymorphisms are linked to hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerosis.
  • These polymorphisms can directly or indirectly contribute to CAD development.

Conclusions:

  • RAS gene polymorphisms are associated with premature CAD, hypertension, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • Further clinical trials and meta-analyses are needed for CAD risk assessment tools.
  • Targeted gene therapy presents a promising future direction for managing CAD risk.