Selection and evaluation of bi-allelic autosomal SNP markers for paternity testing in Koreans

Due to the advantages of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in forensic science, many forensic SNP panels have been developed. However, the existing SNP panels have a problem that they do not reflect allele frequencies in Koreans or the number of markers is not sufficient to perform paternity testing. Here, we filtered candidate SNPs from the Ansan-Ansung cohort data and selected 200 SNPs with high allele frequencies. To reduce the risk of false inclusion and false exclusion, we calculated likelihood ratios of alleged father-child pairs from simulated families when the alleged father is the true father, the close relative of the true father, and the random man. As a result, we estimated that 160 SNPs were needed to perform paternity testing. Furthermore, we performed validation using Twin-Family cohort data. When 160 selected SNPs were used to calculate the likelihood ratio, paternity and non-paternity were accurately distinguished. Our set of 160 SNPs could be useful for paternity testing in Koreans.