Current insight into the functions of microRNAs in common human hair loss disorders: a mini review

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Dermatology
• Genetics

Background:

• Alopecia areata (AA), Androgenic alopecia (AGA), and Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are common hair loss conditions with significant psychological impact.
• The etiology of these conditions is often unknown, making prognosis and treatment challenging.
• Currently, no approved therapies exist for preventing or treating these hair loss disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the functional implications of microRNAs (miRNAs) in common hair loss disorders.
• To explore the potential of miRNAs for theranostic applications in hair loss.
• To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in hair loss pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating miRNAs and hair loss.
• Analysis of miRNA's role in gene regulation, cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, immune responses, and apoptosis.
• Discussion of current research on miRNAs in alopecia areata, androgenic alopecia, and frontal fibrosing alopecia.

Main Results:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional gene regulation.
• Emerging evidence suggests miRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of common hair loss disorders.
• The precise molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in hair loss are still under investigation.

Conclusions:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a promising area for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for hair loss disorders.
• Further research is warranted to fully understand the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of miRNAs.
• miRNAs may offer future theranostic solutions for alopecia areata, androgenic alopecia, and frontal fibrosing alopecia.