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Comparison of Lethal Doses Calculated Using Logit/Probit-Log(Dose) Regressions With Arbitrary Slopes Using R.

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Journal of Economic Entomology
|April 28, 2021
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Summary

This study introduces a new R function for calculating and comparing median lethal doses (LD50) in insecticides, even without assuming parallel slopes. This method provides accurate toxicity assessments for pest control and insecticide resistance studies.

Keywords:
generalized linear modelinglog(dose) regressionlogit–log(dose) regressionmedian lethal dosepotency ratioprobit

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Insecticide Resistance
  • Statistical Modeling

Background:

  • Median lethal dose (LD50) is a standard metric for insecticide acute toxicity.
  • Comparing insecticide potencies across populations or species often requires LD50 analysis.
  • Existing methods for LD50 comparison often assume parallel regression slopes, limiting their applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a statistical method using R for calculating and comparing LD50 values.
  • To assess the accuracy of this new method against established software (PoloPlus, R drc package).
  • To enable LD50 comparisons without the restrictive assumption of parallel slopes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the generalized linear model (glm) function in R for logit and probit regression analyses.
  • Applied Fieller's theorem and the delta method for calculating 95% confidence limits (CLs) of LD50.
  • Incorporated Abbott's equation for natural response rates and compared results with PoloPlus and the R drc package.

Main Results:

  • The R function, using the logit model, produced 95% CLs identical to PoloPlus when Fieller's theorem and a heterogeneity factor were used.
  • The delta method in R yielded 95% CLs consistent with the R drc package.
  • Probit model analysis in R also generated comparable 95% CLs to established software.
  • Statistical tests for potency and slope parallelism in R aligned with conclusions from PoloPlus and the drc package.

Conclusions:

  • The R-based glm function offers a flexible and accurate alternative for calculating and comparing LD50 values, particularly when slopes are not parallel.
  • This method enhances the ability to conduct robust insecticide toxicity and potency assessments in entomological research.
  • The findings support the use of R for advanced statistical analysis in toxicology and pest management.