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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

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The SiTian Project.

Jifeng Liu1, Roberto Soria2,3, Xue-Feng Wu4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Rd, Chaoyang 100101, Beijing, China.

Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias
|April 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The SiTian project will deploy a global network of optical telescopes to monitor the sky for transient events like supernovae and gravitational waves. This ambitious astronomical survey aims to detect rapid cosmic phenomena and gather data for diverse astrophysical studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Optical Transient Detection
  • All-Sky Monitoring

Background:

  • The Chinese Academy of Sciences is developing the SiTian project, an ambitious ground-based optical monitoring initiative.
  • Current astronomical surveys have limitations in detecting and identifying optical transients on timescales less than one day.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an integrated network of 1-m-class telescopes for comprehensive all-sky optical monitoring.
  • To detect, identify, and monitor optical transients, including those from gravitational wave events, fast radio bursts, and supernovae.
  • To collect extensive data for studying active galactic nuclei (AGN), quasars, variable stars, exoplanets, asteroids, and microlensing events.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of dozens of 1-m-class telescopes globally, with a target of 72 by 2030.
  • Scanning at least 10,000 square degrees of sky every 30 minutes down to a V magnitude of approximately 21.
  • Producing simultaneous light-curves in three optical bands for detected sources.
  • Utilizing three dedicated 4-m telescopes for follow-up spectroscopy of significant targets.

Main Results:

  • The project aims to achieve a detection limit of V ≈ 21 mag.
  • Simultaneous light-curves in three optical bands will be generated.
  • The network will provide unprecedented data for studying transient and variable celestial objects.

Conclusions:

  • SiTian will significantly enhance the detection capabilities for short-timescale optical transients.
  • The project will provide a rich dataset for a wide range of astrophysical research, from exoplanets to cosmology.
  • Full scientific operations are scheduled to commence in 2032, marking a new era in optical astronomy.