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Deaths from COPD in patients with cancer: a population-based study
Yongqiang Zheng1,2, Yan Huang3, Xiwen Zheng4
1Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Aging
|April 28, 2021
Summary
Cancer patients have a nearly two-fold higher risk of dying from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to the general population. This risk is particularly elevated in lung cancer survivors and increases over time.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in cancer patients present a complex clinical challenge.
- Understanding the specific mortality patterns associated with COPD in individuals with cancer is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the demographic characteristics and mortality rates of deaths attributed to COPD among cancer patients.
- To assess the risk of COPD-related mortality in cancer survivors compared to the general population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify 7,846,370 cancer patients aged 40+ in the US (1975-2016).
- Calculated mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), adjusting for age, race, sex, and calendar year.
- Compared COPD mortality risks in cancer survivors against the general population.
Main Results:
- A total of 119,228 COPD deaths were recorded in cancer patients, yielding a mortality rate of 261.5/100,000 person-years.
- Cancer survivors exhibited a significantly higher risk of COPD death (SMR, 2.17) compared to the general population.
- The proportion of cancer survivors dying from COPD increased from 0.9% in 1975 to 3.4% in 2016.
- Lung cancer patients had the highest SMR (9.23), followed by laryngeal (5.54) and esophageal cancers (4.33).
- Risk of COPD death escalated with longer follow-up periods.
Conclusions:
- Cancer patients face a substantially elevated risk of mortality from COPD, nearly double that of the general population.
- Specific cancer types, notably lung, laryngeal, and esophageal, are associated with a markedly higher risk of COPD-related death.
- The increasing trend in COPD deaths among cancer survivors underscores the need for integrated care strategies.
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