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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
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Rituximab in Membranous Nephropathy.

Philipp Gauckler1, Jae Il Shin2,3,4, Federico Alberici5,6

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Kidney International Reports
|April 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Rituximab is a new standard treatment for membranous nephropathy (MN), effectively inducing remission in most patients. Further research is needed to optimize its use and assess long-term outcomes.

Keywords:
B cellsmembranous nephropathynephrotic syndromerituximab

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of adult nephrotic syndrome.
  • Phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is the primary target antigen in most MN cases.
  • This discovery underpins the use of B-cell depleting therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and safety of rituximab in treating MN.
  • To discuss optimal rituximab dosing, maintenance therapy, and long-term outcomes.
  • To evaluate rituximab as a first-line treatment for MN.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on rituximab for MN.
  • Analysis of data from randomized controlled trials.
  • Discussion of clinical management strategies and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Rituximab induces complete or partial remission of proteinuria in approximately two-thirds of MN patients.
  • It has a favorable safety profile, making it a preferred treatment.
  • Considered a first-line option for patients at risk of kidney function decline.

Conclusions:

  • Rituximab represents a significant advancement in MN management.
  • Optimal dosing and long-term safety require further investigation.
  • It is a valuable therapeutic option, particularly for high-risk patients.