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Quantification of magnetic resonance spectroscopy data using a combined reference: Application in typically

Ryan J Larsen1, Borjan Gagoski2,3,4, Sarah U Morton4,5

  • 1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

NMR in Biomedicine
|April 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Combined Reference (CRef) analysis offers a more robust method for quantifying proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) data. This new approach improves metabolite quantification in infant brain development studies.

Keywords:
combined reference, GABA, infant development, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, quantification, water scaling

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biochemistry
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Quantification of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) data typically uses metabolite-to-metabolite or metabolite-to-water ratios.
  • Existing methods have limitations, including interpretational ambiguity and the need for complex corrections for partial volume and relaxation effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel quantification method: Combined Reference (CRef) analysis for ¹H-MRS data.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional referencing techniques in metabolite quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Developed CRef analysis, referencing metabolites to a combined signal of multiple reference metabolites or metabolite groups.
  • Applied CRef analysis to 202 ¹H-MRS brain scans from 140 infants at approximately 1 and 3 months of age.
  • Validated CRef by comparing its correlation with corrected water signals and its inter-subject uniformity against single reference signals.

Main Results:

  • The combined reference signal in CRef analysis showed high correlation with corrected water signals.
  • CRef analysis demonstrated equal or greater signal uniformity across subjects compared to single metabolite references.
  • CRef analysis was successfully used to quantify metabolite concentration changes in infant brain development.

Conclusions:

  • CRef analysis provides a more reliable and interpretable method for ¹H-MRS quantification, eliminating the need for water-scaling corrections.
  • This approach enhances the robustness of metabolite quantification, particularly in studies involving dynamic biological processes like infant brain development.