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Mechanical interaction between hyphae during three-dimensional growth.

Braulio Gutiérrez-Medina1, Alexis Vázquez-Villa1

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Fungal hyphal growth mechanics were unexplored in 3D. Researchers observed hyphal collisions during tip extension, revealing forces of at least 260 pN, important for fungal biology and biotechnology.

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Area of Science:

  • Fungal Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Microscopic development of mycelium is crucial for fungal biology and biotechnology.
  • The mechanics of three-dimensional (3D) hyphal growth remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanics of 3D hyphal growth in Trichoderma atroviride.
  • To quantify the forces involved in hyphal tip extension and collisions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized light-sheet fluorescence microscopy to observe 3D growth.
  • Monitored the growth of Trichoderma atroviride in liquid medium.
  • Recorded and analyzed hyphal collision events.

Main Results:

  • Observed two direct collision events between growing hyphae.
  • Hyphal tip extension caused mechanical deformation upon collision with another hypha's side.
  • Estimated the force generated during hyphal tip elongation to be at least 260 pN.

Conclusions:

  • Hyphal collisions during growth result in measurable mechanical deformation.
  • The study provides the first quantitative estimate of forces generated by growing fungal hyphae.