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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell surface glycoprotein recognized as a promising target for antibody-based cancer therapies.
  • Identifying specific cancer types with high MSLN expression is crucial for patient selection in clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively map the expression patterns of MSLN across a wide spectrum of human tumors and healthy tissues.
  • To determine the correlation between MSLN expression and clinicopathological parameters in various cancer types.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to analyze MSLN expression in a large tissue microarray cohort.
  • The cohort comprised 15,050 tumors from 122 distinct tumor types and 76 healthy organs.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to correlate MSLN expression with tumor stage and other malignancy parameters.

Main Results:

  • MSLN expression was detected in 54% of tumor types, with high positivity in ovarian, pancreatic, endometrial, lung adenocarcinomas, and malignant mesothelioma.
  • Rare MSLN expression was observed in breast, kidney, thyroid, soft tissue, and prostate cancers.
  • High MSLN expression correlated with advanced tumor stage and metastasis in colorectal cancer but not in other analyzed malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • Numerous prevalent cancer types exhibit high MSLN expression, indicating significant potential for targeted anti-MSLN therapies.
  • While MSLN is a viable therapeutic target, its role as a prognostic biomarker appears limited across most cancer types.