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Related Concept Videos

Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

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Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
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Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability01:23

Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability

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The maximum power flow for lossy transmission lines is derived using ABCD parameters in phasor form. These parameters create a matrix relationship between the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents, allowing the determination of the receiving-end current. This relationship facilitates calculating the complex power delivered to the receiving end, from which real and reactive power components are derived.
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The Midpoint Formula01:24

The Midpoint Formula

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In coordinate geometry, determining the central point between two locations is common. This central point, or midpoint, lies exactly halfway along the line segment connecting two points in a two-dimensional space. It has applications in mathematics, physics, engineering, and various planning disciplines.Given two points labeled as A (x1, y1) and B (x2, y2) on a coordinate plane, a straight line segment can be plotted between them. The midpoint, labeled point M, divides this segment into two...
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Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

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Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
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The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem01:20

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

887
Consider a linear AC Thevenin equivalent circuit connected to a load impedance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
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Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

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The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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Beam Allocation and Power Optimization for Energy-Efficiency in Multiuser mmWave Massive MIMO System.

Saidiwaerdi Maimaiti1, Gang Chuai1, Weidong Gao1

  • 1School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100000, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an energy-efficient beam allocation and power optimization scheme for multiuser millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The proposed method significantly reduces power consumption while maintaining system performance, outperforming existing techniques.

Keywords:
beam allocationconvex optimization schemeenergy efficientlagrange dual methodmassive MIMOmmWavepower optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communications
  • Signal Processing
  • Telecommunications Engineering

Background:

  • Multiuser millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems face challenges in hardware cost and power consumption.
  • Optimizing energy efficiency (EE) and reducing power usage are critical for these systems without compromising performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel beam allocation and power optimization scheme for multiuser mmWave massive MIMO systems.
  • To enhance energy efficiency and decrease power consumption while minimizing performance degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Formulated the problem as a multivariate mixed-integer non-linear programming problem.
  • Decomposed the problem into sub-problems: beam allocation (solved via convex optimization) and power optimization (addressed using quadratic transformation, Lagrange dual, and sub-gradient methods).

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm achieves performance nearly identical to exhaustive search (ES).
  • Outperforms greedy and suboptimal beam allocation methods in terms of average service ratio.
  • Demonstrates significant reductions in power consumption and hardware costs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scheme effectively balances energy efficiency and system performance in mmWave massive MIMO.
  • Offers a practical and efficient solution for reducing operational costs in wireless communication systems.
  • Provides a superior alternative to existing greedy and suboptimal allocation strategies.