Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

19.8K

Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Diversity in the Vessel Wall

Prabhatchandra Dube1, Armelle DeRiso1, Mitra Patel1

  • 1Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Health Education Building RM 205, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.

Biomedicines
|April 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Vascular calcification (VC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of death. This review details VC

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Cell Biology and Molecular Mechanisms

Background:

  • Vascular calcification (VC) significantly increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
  • VC shares similarities with bone metabolism, involving complex cellular and molecular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an in-depth analysis of vascular calcification in CKD.
  • To highlight key factors, cell types, and mechanisms driving VC pathology.
  • To aid in developing preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing literature on vascular calcification in CKD.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in VC.
  • Examination of contributing factors such as hyperphosphatemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Main Results:

  • VC in CKD is driven by multiple factors including hyperphosphatemia, Ca/Pi imbalance, uremic toxins, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
  • Key cell types involved include vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), macrophages, and endothelial cells.
  • Multiple signaling pathways contribute to the progression of VC.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the multifaceted nature of VC in CKD is crucial for clinical management.
  • Identifying specific cellular players and molecular pathways can lead to targeted therapies.
  • Further research into preventative and diagnostic strategies is warranted for CKD patients.

Keywords:
CKDVSMCschronic kidney diseaseendotheliumhyperphosphatemiamacrophagesuremic toxinsvascular calcificationvascular smooth muscle cells

More Related Videos

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro11:30

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.2K
Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models09:01

Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models

Published on: January 27, 2023

1.9K

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
243
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
316
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
170
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
124
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
196
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
148