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Evolving Paradigm of Prothrombin Time Diagnostics with Its Growing Clinical Relevance towards Cardio-Compromised and

Anubhuti Saha1,2, Ashutosh Bajpai3, Vinay Krishna3

  • 1Design Program, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Prothrombin time (PT) testing is crucial for managing cardiovascular and COVID-19 patients. This review explores the evolution of PT assays from lab-based to point-of-care (PoC) devices for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Clinical Diagnostics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Prothrombin time (PT) is a key hemostasis biomarker for diagnosing thromboembolic and hemorrhagic disorders.
  • Cardiovascular disease patients require lifelong anticoagulation, necessitating regular PT monitoring.
  • COVID-19 has highlighted coagulation abnormalities, with prolonged PT and sepsis-induced coagulopathy common in critical cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of Prothrombin time (PT) assays from traditional laboratory methods to point-of-care (PoC) platforms.
  • To highlight the importance of efficient PT assaying for cardio-compromised and COVID-19 patients with coagulation issues.
  • To motivate future research in PoC PT diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of lab-based and point-of-care (PoC) PT assay technologies.
  • Discussion of recent advancements in microsensor technologies for PT detection.
  • Analysis of PT relevance in cardiovascular and COVID-19 associated coagulopathies.

Main Results:

  • Point-of-care (PoC) PT assays offer a more efficient alternative to traditional lab-based methods.
  • Microsensor technologies utilizing optics, acoustics, and electrochemical methods are advancing PoC PT capabilities.
  • Prolonged PT is a significant indicator in critical COVID-19 and cardiovascular cases.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient point-of-care (PoC) PT testing is vital for managing patients with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 related coagulation disorders.
  • Technological innovations in microsensors are driving the development of advanced PoC PT devices.
  • Further development of PoC PT diagnostics is crucial to address unmet clinical needs.

Keywords:
COVID associated coagulopathy (CAC)COVID-19coagulopathyhemostasisinternational normalized ratio (INR)point of care (PoC)prothrombin time (PT)thromboembolism

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