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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
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NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

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The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
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Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

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Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
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MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
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Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Published on: May 12, 2015

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JNK Pathway in CNS Pathologies.

Teresa de Los Reyes Corrales1, María Losada-Pérez1, Sergio Casas-Tintó1

  • 1Instituto Cajal (CSIC), Av. Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is crucial for cellular stress responses and tissue homeostasis. This review highlights JNK

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is a fundamental cellular stress response mechanism.
  • JNK signaling is integral to tissue homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion.
  • This pathway exhibits cell-tissue specificity and plays a significant role in regeneration, tumorigenesis, and various pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical implications of the JNK pathway in central nervous system (CNS) pathologies.
  • To discuss novel mechanisms of JNK-driven tumor progression in glioblastoma.
  • To explore JNK's role in CNS injury repair, neurodegeneration, and neuronal cell death.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on JNK signaling in the CNS.
Keywords:
CNS injuriesMAP kinasecell signallingglioblastomaneurodegenerative disorders

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Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling
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  • Analysis of newly identified examples and mechanisms of JNK involvement in CNS diseases.
  • Synthesis of findings to support the role of JNK in CNS pathologies.

    • Main Results:

    • The JNK pathway is highly active in the CNS and is central to cellular responses to pathophysiological insults.
    • Specific examples of JNK-driven glioblastoma progression are detailed.
    • The review elucidates JNK's involvement in regeneration, repair, neurodegeneration, and neuronal death within the CNS.

    Conclusions:

    • The JNK pathway is a key player in a variety of CNS pathologies.
    • These findings reinforce the potential of targeting the JNK pathway to mitigate detrimental effects in CNS diseases.
    • JNK signaling represents a promising therapeutic target for CNS disorders.