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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
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Graphene-Based Environmental Sensors: Electrical and Optical Devices.

Hikari Kitadai1, Meng Yuan1,2, Yongqiang Ma2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Graphene shows great promise as a sensing platform for environmental monitoring. This review highlights electrical and optical sensors, discussing mechanisms, benefits, and methods to boost sensitivity and selectivity for environmental applications.

Keywords:
2D materialsFETsselectivitysensingsensitivityspectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Graphene's unique properties make it an attractive material for sensor development.
  • Environmental monitoring requires sensitive and selective detection methods.
  • Existing sensing platforms face limitations in performance and applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in graphene-based sensing platforms for environmental applications.
  • To highlight electrical and optical sensing devices utilizing graphene and its derivatives.
  • To discuss strategies for enhancing sensor sensitivity and selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of research on graphene-based environmental sensors.
  • Analysis of electrical and optical sensing mechanisms employed in graphene devices.
  • Evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various graphene sensing approaches.

Main Results:

  • Graphene and its derivatives are effective in developing sensitive electrical and optical environmental sensors.
  • Various sensing mechanisms, including changes in electrical resistance and optical properties, are utilized.
  • Specific device designs offer distinct advantages and disadvantages regarding sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene-based sensors offer significant potential for advanced environmental monitoring.
  • Further research into optimizing graphene materials and device architectures is crucial.
  • Tailoring graphene sensors can lead to improved detection of environmental pollutants.