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Area of Science:

  • Astrobiology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Space Medicine

Background:

  • Space exploration is experiencing a resurgence with numerous upcoming missions.
  • Microorganisms are unavoidable companions on space missions, traveling on equipment, organic matter, and humans.
  • Limited medical resources in space necessitate understanding microbial risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential pathogenicity of microorganisms during space missions.
  • To investigate microbial adaptation to space environments.
  • To clarify risks associated with "hitchhiking" microbes for future space activities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on microbial presence in space.
  • Analysis of potential microbial adaptation mechanisms in extraterrestrial conditions.
  • Assessment of risks posed by microorganisms to astronaut health and mission integrity.

Main Results:

  • Microorganisms are confirmed to be present on space technology and humans.
  • The adaptation of these microbes to space conditions and their potential to become pathogenic require further investigation.
  • Current understanding of microbial risks in space is insufficient for long-term missions.

Conclusions:

  • Further technological advancements are essential for mitigating health and environmental risks posed by microorganisms.
  • Proactive measures are needed to manage microbial "travel buddies" during space exploration.
  • Ensuring astronaut safety and protecting explored environments from microbial contamination are paramount.