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Morphological and Hemodynamic Changes during Cerebral Aneurysm Growth.

Emily R Nordahl1, Susheil Uthamaraj2, Kendall D Dennis2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.

Brain Sciences
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Computational fluid dynamics reveals how cerebral aneurysms grow. Studies show aneurysm growth is linked to low wall shear stress and increased kinetic energy, offering insights into rupture risk.

Keywords:
aneurysm growthcomputational fluid dynamicshemodynamicskinetic energyoscillatory shear indexwall shear stress

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is increasingly used to study cerebral aneurysm rupture.
  • Limited research focuses on aneurysm growth dynamics using longitudinal data.
  • Most studies analyze hemodynamics at a single time point, neglecting growth progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hemodynamic and morphological changes during cerebral aneurysm growth.
  • To analyze patient-specific aneurysm progression using CFD.
  • To identify hemodynamic factors associated with aneurysm growth and remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of four patient-specific cerebral aneurysms at initial diagnosis and follow-up.
  • Medical image processing (Mimics) for aneurysm geometry segmentation.
  • CFD analysis (ANSYS) to simulate blood flow and hemodynamic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Major aneurysm growth occurred in regions of low wall shear stress (WSS).
  • Wall remodeling near the neck correlated with high WSS gradients and oscillatory shear index.
  • Growth was associated with low WSS, high velocity gradients, and swirling flow structures.
  • A consistent increase in kinetic energy was observed, correlating with increased aneurysm volume.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebral aneurysm growth is significantly influenced by low WSS and complex flow patterns.
  • Changes in kinetic energy may serve as a biomarker for aneurysm volume increase.
  • This study highlights the importance of longitudinal CFD analysis in understanding aneurysm progression and rupture risk.