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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
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Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

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Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma.

Christopher Chang-Yew Leow1, Michael Sze Yuan Low1

  • 1Monash Haematology, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Novel therapies are emerging for multiple myeloma, a challenging blood cancer. This review highlights new drugs targeting surface antigens, epigenetic regulators, and proteins involved in cell survival and proliferation.

Keywords:
monoclonal antibodymultiple myelomatherapeutic targets

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An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
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An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
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An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma remains a difficult-to-treat blood cancer, often relapsing despite current therapies like proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs.
  • Significant advancements have improved patient outcomes, yet a definitive cure for multiple myeloma is still elusive.
  • The development of novel therapeutic strategies is crucial for overcoming treatment resistance and improving long-term survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel druggable targets and emerging therapies for multiple myeloma.
  • To provide an overview of new therapeutic agents targeting specific proteins and pathways crucial for myeloma cell survival and proliferation.
  • To highlight the potential of monoclonal antibodies, cellular therapies, and small molecule inhibitors in treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on novel drug targets and therapies for multiple myeloma.
  • Analysis of emerging therapeutic classes including monoclonal antibodies, cellular therapies, and small molecule inhibitors.
  • Categorization of novel targets based on their cellular function, such as surface antigens, epigenetic regulators, and anti-apoptotic proteins.

Main Results:

  • Identification of multiple novel surface antigens (e.g., CD38, BCMA, GPRC5D) targeted by monoclonal antibodies and cellular therapies.
  • Exploration of inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators like histone deacetylase (HDAC) for multiple myeloma treatment.
  • Discussion of agents targeting essential proteins such as BCL-2, eEF1A2, and XPO1 to induce apoptosis and overcome resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging therapies targeting novel molecular pathways offer promising new avenues for treating multiple myeloma.
  • Monoclonal antibodies and cellular therapies against specific surface antigens represent a significant advancement in myeloma treatment.
  • Targeting epigenetic regulators and anti-apoptotic proteins provides alternative strategies for overcoming drug resistance and improving patient outcomes in multiple myeloma.