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Predicting colostrum and calf blood components based on refractometry.

Do T Hue1,2, John L Williams1,3, Kiro Petrovski1

  • 1Davies Livestock Research Centre, School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA5371, Australia.

The Journal of Dairy Research
|April 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Accurate colostrum quality assessment using Brix refractometry helps optimize feeding for newborn calves, ensuring effective passive immunity transfer. Calf serum protein measurements accurately predict immunoglobulin G levels, indicating successful passive immunity in calves.

Keywords:
BovineBradfordELISAFPTpassive transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Science
  • Dairy Science

Background:

  • High-quality colostrum is crucial for newborn calf nutrition and passive immunity.
  • Predicting colostrum quality and passive immunity transfer is essential for calf health.
  • Existing methods for assessment may not be optimal for on-farm application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine relationships between colostrum components and calf serum components.
  • To evaluate Brix refractometry for predicting colostrum quality.
  • To assess calf serum markers for passive immunity transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Colostrum samples were collected from individual cows and pooled, analyzed for components.
  • Bulk tank milk was also sampled for comparison.
  • Calf blood samples were collected pre-feeding and post-feeding to assess serum components and immunoglobulin G (IgG).

Main Results:

  • Strong correlations were found between Brix refractometry readings and colostrum total protein, IgG, and lactose.
  • Brix refractometry accurately predicted key colostrum components, enabling optimized colostrum volume calculation.
  • Calf serum protein measurements correlated well with serum IgG, indicating successful passive immunity transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Brix refractometry is a reliable tool for assessing colostrum quality and optimizing feeding volumes.
  • Serum protein measurement in calves can accurately predict immunoglobulin G levels, confirming passive immunity.
  • These findings support the development of on-farm tests for ensuring adequate passive immunity in newborn calves.