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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples
Published on: June 9, 2016
A sorter for electrons based on magnetic elements
Giulio Pozzi1, Paolo Rosi2, Amir H Tavabi3
1Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, viale B. Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Abstract:
The orbital angular momentum (OAM) sorter is an electron optical device for the measurement of an electron's OAM. It is based on two phase elements, which are referred to as an "unwrapper" and a "corrector" and are located in Fourier conjugate planes. The simplest implementation of the sorter is based on electrostatic phase elements, such as a charged needle for the unwrapper and electrodes with alternating charges or potentials for the corrector. Here, we use a formal analogy between phase shifts introduced by charges and vertical currents to propose alternative designs for the sorter elements, which are based on phase shifts introduced by magnetic fields. We use this concept to provide a general guide for phase element design, which promises to provide improved reliability of phase control in electron optics.
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