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Approaches to assessing the provider experience with clinical pharmacogenomic information: a scoping review
Nicholas J Keeling1, Tyler J Dunn2, John P Bentley1
1Department of Pharmacy Administration, University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, University, MS, USA.
Purpose:
Barriers to the implementation of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice have been thoroughly discussed over the past decade.
Methods:
The objective of this scoping review was to characterize the peer-reviewed literature surrounding the experiences and actions of prescribers, pharmacists, or genetic counselors when using pharmacogenomic information in real-world or hypothetical research settings.
Results:
A total of 33 studies were included in the scoping review. The majority of studies were conducted in the United States (70%), used quantitative or mixed methods (79%) with physician or pharmacist respondents (100%). The qualitative content analysis revealed five major methodological approaches: hypothetical clinical case scenarios, real-world studies evaluating prescriber response to recommendations or alerts, cross-sectional quantitative surveys, cross-sectional qualitative surveys/interviews, and a quasi-experimental real-world study.
Conclusion:
The findings of this scoping review can guide further research on the factors needed to successfully integrate pharmacogenomics into clinical care.
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